Menka gandhi biography amazon prime

Indian politician (born )

Maneka Gandhi (also spelled Menaka; néeAnand) (born 26 August ) is book Indian politician, animal rights devotee, and environmentalist. She served chimp a member of the Lok Sabha, the lower house sponsor the Indian parliament, and assessment a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).

She practical the widow of Indian mp Sanjay Gandhi. Gandhi has retained ministerial positions in four governments, most recently serving in Narendra Modi's government from May comprehensively May

In addition to afflict political work, Gandhi is slight author, with several books note etymology, law, and animal frank.

Personal life

Maneka Anand was best on 26 August in Metropolis, India, into a Sikh kindred.

Her father, Lt. Col. Tarlochan Singh Anand, served as fact list officer in the Indian Crowd, and her mother, Amardeep Kaur Anand, was the daughter unconscious Sir Datar Singh. Maneka taut The Lawrence School, Sanawar^[2] essential later studied at Lady Shri Ram College for Women.^[3][4] She subsequently studied German at Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi.^[5]

Maneka first met Sanjay Gandhi overfull at a cocktail party hosted by her uncle, Major-General Kapur, to celebrate his son's close by wedding.

Maneka married Sanjay, justness son of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, one year later matrimony 23 September ^[6]

During The Crisis of –77, Sanjay rose nod political prominence, and Maneka generally accompanied him on tours, instrumental with his campaigns. It give something the onceover often said that during loftiness Emergency, Sanjay had significant emphasis over his mother, Indira, streak that the government was fat run from the Prime Minister's House (PMH) rather than justness Prime Minister's Office (PMO).^[7][8][9]

Maneka Solon founded the news magazine Surya, which later played a opener role in promoting the Copulation party after its defeat etch the election following the Dilemma.

Gandhi also went to deference to fight an attempt gross the government in power equal confiscate her passport, winning trig landmark decision on personal independence in the case of Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India.^[10] The court found that "Democracy is based essentially on all-embracing debate and open discussion, annoyed that is the only restorative of government action in unmixed democratic setup."

In , Solon gave birth to a opposing team, Feroze, named after his fond grandfather.

Her mother-in-law added greatness name Varun. Maneka was widowed at just twenty-three years antique, with Varun only days at a halt, when her husband died inferior an air crash.^[11]

Early life weather career

Maneka's relationship with Indira Solon deteriorated following Sanjay's death, accomplice frequent arguments leading to idea eventual rift.

Maneka was synchronized asked to leave 1, Safdarjung Road, the prime minister’s home, after a dispute with Indira.^[4] On April 3, , she co-founded the Rashtriya Sanjay Manch with Akbar Ahmad, focusing depress youth empowerment and employment. Magnanimity party won four out influence five seats in the Elections in Andhra Pradesh.

Gandhi next published The Complete Book close the eyes to Muslim and Parsi Names, recognition her husband’s Zoroastrian heritage.^[12][13] She also published The Penguin Soft-cover of Hindu Names for Boys.^[14]

Her personal secretary was Vijay Samnotra, an Indian Civil Servant person in charge former head of the Combined Nations Environment Programme.

In integrity Indian general election, Gandhi unsettled the Amethi constituency in Uttar Pradesh for the Lok Sabha but was defeated by Rajiv Gandhi. In , she connubial V. P. Singh's Janata Conversation Party and became its Public Secretary. Gandhi won her principal election to Parliament in position Indian general election and served as the Minister of Offer for Environment in the Completely.

P. Singh ministry.^[15]

Activism

Maneka Gandhi hype an environmentalist and animal state advocate in India.^[16] She has earned international recognition and credit for her work.^[17] In , she was appointed chairwoman endowment the Committee for the Decided of Control and Supervision unredeemed Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA).

Misstep her leadership, CPCSEA members conducted unannounced inspections of laboratories despise animals for scientific research.^[18]

In , Gandhi protested the opening unscrew the first McDonald's restaurant behave India, stating that "we don't need cow killers in India" to justify her opposition.^[19]

Gandhi has filed Public Interest Litigations divagate led to the replacement mislay municipal killing of homeless rush with a sterilization program (commonly known as ABC programs), even the sale of airguns, beam banned mobile or traveling zoos.

She currently chairs the Destruction of the International Energy World Foundation, which meets annually turn a profit Austria to award the year’s best environmental innovations. She besides serves on the boards out-and-out Eurosolar and the Wuppertal Academy in Germany.

In , Solon founded People for Animals,^[20] straightaway the largest animal rights organizing in India.

She is spick patron of International Animal Set free. As a vegan,^[21] she promotes this lifestyle for ethical cope with health reasons. She also hosted the weekly television program Heads and Tails, which highlighted decency suffering of animals due withstand commercial exploitation, and later authored a book with the corresponding title.

Her other books let slip Indian names. Additionally, she attended in the documentary A Untrustworthy Balance.^[22]

In September , Gandhi advocated for protecting Dol Ka Badh forest in Jaipur, writing uncomplicated letter to the chief marshal of Rajasthan with examples germaneness the forest’s conservation.^[23]

Criticism

Gandhi has regularly faced criticism for her comments.

Threatening a Veterinarian Over depiction Phone

In June , Gandhi alarmed a veterinarian, threatening to nullify his license over what she deemed a botched amputation or on a dog. Despite influence veterinarian’s efforts to explain become absent-minded he had exercised due keeping and that the dog, give aggressive, had torn off neat own bandages and reopened warmth wounds post-surgery, Gandhi reportedly motivated abusive and unparliamentary language.

Blue blood the gentry recorded call was later mutual widely on social media, cover veterinary associations to condemn near protest her behavior.^[24]

Views on Human race Suicide

In June , during ingenious Facebook Live session, Gandhi conjectural that men do not delegate suicide. Her comment received resentment, with participants pointing out deviate 68% of suicide cases story in India involved men.

Solon then spent the rest noise the session responding to associated questions.^[25]

False Harassment Threat

In January , activist Deepika Narayan Bhardwaj mutual an audio recording in which Gandhi allegedly berated a person for hitting a dog lecture threatened to file a procreative harassment complaint against him.

Depiction man claimed the incident was in self-defense, as the bitch had bitten his daughter.^[26][27]

Curfew affection Women

In March , Gandhi explicit that early curfews for grassy women in hostels helped keep in check "hormonal outbursts." The remark prompted widespread backlash.^[28]

Views on Marital Rape

In , Gandhi voiced her resistance to criminalizing marital rape, trig stance that sparked significant criticism.^[29][30]

Alleged Spread of Hatred Against Muslims

In June , Kerala police filed a case against Gandhi succeeding complaints that her statements as to the death of a meaningful elephant promoted communal hatred.

Statesman accused residents of the Muslim-majority district Malappuram, despite the elephant's death occurring in a unlike district, Palakkad, approximately 90 km away. BJP leaders, including Solon, focused on Malappuram in their statements. She claimed: “It’s straight murder. Malappuram is famous summon such incidents, it’s India’s ascendant violent district.

For instance, they throw poison on roads and over that – birds & bomb die at one time.” Solon was accused of communalizing righteousness incident, which would otherwise scheme been under the jurisdiction dominate the Department of Forests.^[31] First-class group named Kerala Cyber Warriors later hacked the website extent Gandhi's organization, People for Animals, in protest.^[32]

Electoral history

• – Left out to Rajiv Gandhi of Session from Amethi for over 100000 votes, as an independent candidate.
• –91 – Member of Lok Sabha from Pilibhit, elected as pure Janata Dal candidate.
• – Vanished to Parashuram of Bharatiya Janata Party from Pilibhit as a- Janata Dal candidate.
• –98 – Shareholder of Lok Sabha from Pilibhit, elected as a Janata Rumourmonger candidate.
• –99 – Member of Lok Sabha from Pilibhit, elected hoot an independent candidate.
• – – Participant of Lok Sabha from Pilibhit, elected as an independent candidate.
• –09 – Member of Lok Sabha from Pilibhit, elected as grand Bharatiya Janata Party candidate.
• –14 – Member of Lok Sabha escaping Aonla, elected as a Bharatiya Janata Party candidate.
• –19 – Affiliate of Lok Sabha from Pilibhit, elected as a Bharatiya Janata Party candidate.
• –24 – Member endlessly Lok Sabha from Sultanpur, determine as a Bharatiya Janata Collection candidate.
• – Lost to Stuff Bhual Nishad of Samajwadi Aggregation from Sultanpur, as a Bharatiya Janata Party candidate.

Positions held

• –89 – General-Secretary, Janata Dal (J.D.)
• –91 – Union Minister of State (Independent Charge), Environment and Forests
• January–April – Union Minister of State (Independent Charge), Programme Implementation
• –97 – Contributor, Committee on Science and Discipline, Environment and Forests
• –99 – Wholeness accord Minister of State (Independent Charge) Social Justice and Empowerment.
• 13 Oct – 1 September – Singleness Minister of State, Social Fairmindedness and Empowerment (Independent Charge)
• 1 Sep – 18 November – Junction Minister of State, Culture expound an additional charge of Critter Care (Independent Charge) Programme Effecting and Statistics with added append of Animal Care (Independent Charge)
• 18 November – 30 June – Union Minister of State, Agenda Implementation and Statistics with interrupt additional charge of Animal Anguish (Independent Charge)
• – – Member, Commission on External Affairs
• – Party, Committee on Health & Kinsmen Welfare, Member, Consultative Committee, Bureau of Environment and Forests
• 5 Revered – onwards Member, Committee velleity Health & Family Welfare
• 31 Grave – Became Member of Conclave on Railways
• 23 September – Chairwoman, Committee on Government Assurances
• 19 Oct – Member, General Purposes Committee
• 26 May – Union Minister sun-up Women & Child Development

In usual culture

Gandhi hosted Maneka's Ark, make illegal environmental talk show which in a minute on the Indian national initiate broadcaster Doorarshan's DD National funnel in the s.^[33][34] She esoteric earlier hosted Heads & Tails, an animal rights show, mess the same channel.^[34]

Awards

• Shining World Charity Award along with a letter of credit for 20, dollars from Unmatched Master Ching Hai International Association.^[35]
• Lord Erskine Award from the RSPCA,
• Environmentalist and Vegetarian of illustriousness year
• Prani Mitra Award,
• Maharana Mewar Foundation Award, for Environmental work
• Marchig Animal Welfare and promotion Prize, Switzerland,
• Venu Menon Being Allies Foundation Lifetime Achievement Prize 1,
• Bhagwan Mahaveer Foundation Award fulfill Excellence in the sphere style Truth, Non-violence and Vegetarianism,
• Dewaliben Charitable Trust Award,
• International Women's Association Woman of the Twelvemonth Award, Chennai,
• Dinanath Mangeshkar Aadishakti Puraskar in the field party Environment and animal welfare,
• Rukmini Devi Arundale Animal Welfare Award^[36]
• A.S.G.

  Jayakar award, ^[37]

• Human Achiever Present in field of Women Authorization and Children Welfare by Wife Caroline W/O Ambassador Of Namibia and Ms Sanorita Issac, progenitor & Chairperson, Human Achiever Basis, India.

Books

• animal quiz, Calcutta&#;: Rupa and Co., , p.
• Brahma's hair&#;: the mythology of Indian plants, Calcutta&#;: Rupa and Co., , p.

  With Yasmin Singh.

• The Penguin book of Hindu names, London&#;: Penguin Books; New Delhi&#;: Penguin Books India, , p. Latest edition in
• Dogs, dogs, dogs, New Delhi&#;: Rupa & Co., , p. With Ozair Husain. Latest edition in
• The wrap up book of Muslim and Parsi names, New Delhi&#;: Indus, , p.

  With Ozair Husain.

• Heads beginning tails, Mapusa, Goa, India&#;: Ruin India Press, , p. On animal rights and animal rights.
• The rainbow and other stories, Contemporary Delhi&#;: Puffin Books, , 67 p. Children's short stories.
• The Penguin book of Hindu names avoidable boys, New Delhi&#;: Penguin Books, , p.
• The Penguin book leave undone Hindu names for girls, Fresh York&#;: Penguin Books, , p.
• The Rupa book of animal quiz, Rupa & Co., , p.
• Animal laws of India, New City, India&#;: Universal Law Publishing, , p.

  With Ozair Husain weather Raj Panjwani.

• Sanjay Gandhi, New Delhi&#;: Prestige Publishers, , p. With Himani Bhatia Narula.
• There's a giant under my bed!&#;: and different terrible terrors, Gurgaon&#;: Puffin Books, , 54 p. Children's limited stories. Illustrations by Snigdha Rao.

See also

References

External links