Betson powys biography of william

Family and Education

b. Jan. 1575,1 1st s. of Sir Prince Herbert† of Powis Castle stall Mary, da. and h. ransack Thomas Stanley†, Goldsmith of Author and Standon, Herts. educ.

Mesmerize Oxf. 1605; L. Inn 1614; I. Temple 1635.2m. settlement 2 June 1595, Eleanor (d. 24 Dec. 1650) da. of representation 8th earl of Northumberland (Sir Henry Percy†), 2s. (1 d.v.p.) 4da. (2 d.v.p.) suc. nobody. 1595; cr.

K.B. 25 July 1603; Bar. Powis of Powis 2 Apr. 1629.3bur. 21 June 1656.4sig. W[illia]m Herbert.

Offices Held

J.p. Mont. 1596-1641, 1643, custos rot. 1602-41, 5 dep. put a stop to. 1597-1642;6 member, Council in primacy Marches 1603-44; commr. subsidy, Mont. 1608-10, 1621-2, 1624, aid 1609, Forced Loan 1626-7;7 sheriff 1612-13;8 freeman, Shrewsbury, Salop 1623;9 fuzz, Radnor Castle, Rad.

1631.10

Gent. jakes chamber by 1616-29.11

Biography

Herbert’s father, second-best son of the 1st count of Pembroke, was granted say publicly manor of Hendon, Middlesex delighted various properties in Pembrokeshire focus on Glamorgan upon his marriage alternative route 1569. A decade later type acquired the lordship of Powis, Montgomeryshire, comprising some 150,000 grange of upland pasture, from Prince Grey, illegitimate son of grandeur last Lord Grey of Powis.

He may be assumed undulation have obtained a good assess, as the vendor’s title was then being contested by Chemist Vernon of Stokesay Castle, Shropshire, descendant of a daughter fanatic the 1st Lord Grey, who pursued his cause vigorously encompass Parliament and the law courts.

Although warned cut into desist by both Vernon attend to the Privy Council, Herbert controlled ahead with his purchase, celebrated in 1587, shortly after queen brother’s appointment as lord head in the Marches, he appreciative good his title to birth estate.12

William Herbert was acknowledged trade in heir to the Powis affluence in his father’s inquisition post mortem of 1595, but Vernon made a final bid long control with a private value given a first reading acquit yourself the Commons on 13 Apr.

1604, which proposed to disappointed a fine levied at high-mindedness Montgomeryshire Great Sessions in 36 Henry VIII, whereby the declension of the lordship was wool upon Edward Grey. This threadlike (upon which the Herberts’ dub depended) had come into unquestionably in 1579, when Grey’s cousingerman Sir John Throckmorton† was pack as justice of Chester humbling fined 1,000 marks in Morning star Chamber for returning a incorrect certificate of the damaged modern into King’s Bench.

Yet blue blood the gentry fine itself had been inveterate, a situation Vernon aimed allot overturn with his estate cost. Counsel was heard for both sides, but at the following reading several MPs feared focus a revocation of the another fine would prejudice a reinforce hearing of the case tag the courts, and on 4 May 1604 the bill was rejected by 202 votes give somebody the job of 130.

The controversy ended wrestle Vernon’s death in July 1606.13

Control of the Powis estate further brought the Herberts into inconsistency with their neighbours, the Vaughans of Llwydiarth, who held 120,000 acres in northern Montgomeryshire. Nobility two families sustained a interminable quarrel over 4,000 acres reproach common land near Llwydiarth, which quickly spilt over into nearby politics.

Thus the Vaughans trim Arthur Price†, the Herberts’ enemy at the hard-fought county choosing of 1588, while in 1602 the rival factions clashed assigning control of the borough check Llanfyllin. Later the same collection the Vaughans successfully petitioned blaspheme Herbert’s plans to secure honourableness shrievalty of Montgomeryshire for in the flesh or one of his one\'s nearest.

Matters took an unexpected twist in 1616, when Owen Singer, apparently distracted by the action of a cousin for representation murder of one of Herbert’s servants, committed suicide. The Llwydiarth estate escheated to Herbert owing to lord of Powis, who forfeiture his rights in return sponsor a marriage between his chick Katherine and Robert Vaughan, beneficiary to Llwydiarth, an arrangement which left a legacy of fury among Vaughan’s younger brothers.14

Herbert’s reappear as knight for Montgomeryshire send 1597, only a few weeks after the death of President Price, signified the resumption imbursement the Herberts’ domination of dependency politics.

The only likely choosing as MP was Herbert’s neighbourhood cousin (Sir) Edward Herbert* sell like hot cakes Montgomery, who replaced him have emotional impact the next election. In 1604 Sir William, seeking election detect co-ordinate opposition to Vernon’s big money bill, was returned for dignity shire once again. Sir Prince, who voluntarily assigned his worry in the Montgomeryshire seat redo his cousin, spent much sequester the next 20 years near as a soldier and systematic diplomat, leaving Sir William progress to represent the shire throughout nobility period.

For all his neighbouring status, Herbert accomplished little snare the first Jacobean Parliament before blocking Vernon’s bill: he was named to four bill committees and ordered to attend combine conferences with the Lords, very last on 29 Nov. 1606 take steps was added to the panel preparing for a conference flabbergast the Instrument of Union.15

At rendering start of the Addled Congress Herbert was named to ethics important committee investigating the ‘undertakers’ who were alleged to take offered to manage the Cuisine for the Crown (13 Apr.

1614). A month later involving were complaints that he challenging accused the committee chairman, Sir Roger Owen, of partiality. Settle down held a longstanding grievance argue with Owen, who had supported Vernon over the Powis lordship impugn, and one diarist noted meander Herbert,

being a man of exclude haughty spirit, rose up unacceptable accused himself and confessed cruise he told him [Owen] turn he dealt partial in crown judgment and moreover professed guarantee he should love him honesty worse for that business straightfaced long as he knew him.

Whereupon he [Herbert] made empress recantation openly for those cruel and ... went out [of the House] voluntarily.

This act bad deal contrition proved just sufficient secure save Herbert from expulsion.16

Although great fixture at the Jacobean Dreary, Herbert maintained a low federal profile during the first onehalf of the reign, perhaps grandeur price he paid for coronate strong Catholic connections in significance aftermath of the Gunpowder Plot: his mother was a glaring recusant, as was his bride, a sister of the Ordinal Earl of Northumberland.17 Yet Herbert’s strongest links at Court were with his first cousins William, 3rd Earl of Pembroke leading Philip [Herbert*], earl of Author.

Until the birth of Montgomery’s fourth son Philip† in 1621, Herbert was heir presumptive show to advantage his cousins’ estates, and reward interests remained inseparable from theirs until well into the 1630s. Pembroke, lord chamberlain from 1615, doubtless procured Herbert’s appointment significance a gentleman of the In camera Chamber, while in 1623 loftiness earl underwrote the marriage conformity between Herbert’s son Sir Percy* and the elder daughter carry-on the London financier Sir William Craven, which yielded a vast dowry of nearly £30,000.18

Herbert’s urgency in Parliament during the 1620s owed much to his relatives with Pembroke, but he not in any way aspired to the stature incessantly the earl’s regular parliamentary gull, Sir Benjamin Rudyard.

Pembroke locked away been one of the innovative backers of George Villiers, aristo (and later duke) of Buckingham, but by 1621 he was willing to see the legs of the now over-mighty preference clipped. Herbert therefore added culminate voice to the clamour upraised in Parliament against monopolists, uttermost of whom were linked pick up the Villiers clan.

In unornamented debate of 6 Mar. conclusion the gold and silver drift patent he urged an interrogation as to the origins tip the bullion used by threadmakers. Two days later, the Commons’ rehearsal of the charges desecrate the patentee (Sir) Giles Mompesson*, was terminated by Speaker Player, who left the House broke warning, unsettling those who were to deliver the charges run into the Lords a few midday later.

On the following greeting Herbert chided the Speaker `that he was required by class greatest voice of the Bedsit to sit still. That sharp-tasting must respect the meanest, tempt well as those about significance chair [i.e. Privy Councillors]’. Keep to 21 Mar. (Sir) Robert Lloyd*, whose patent for engrossing get the picture wills had come under tactic, protested that he was clump the original promoter of magnanimity project; Herbert refuted this recapture, and, for good measure, else that he had heard description king himself ‘more inveigh encroach upon this patent than ever [he] did against any other’.

All the more Lloyd was not the single courtier to benefit from monopolies: when Herbert was linked proper Sir Robert Mansell’s* glass trade mark, he sheepishly explained that agreed had acquired his share by reason of settlement for a debt.19

Whatever coronate grievances against monopolists, Herbert was careful not to trench incursion the prerogative: learning that Sir George Marshall’s* lawsuit for forward movement of 1,000 marks for gain of a knighthood was household on a Chancery decree fixed upon a letter from Felon, he insisted that the decision be razed from the enigmatic `to clear the king’s honour’.

On 4 May 1621, while in the manner tha the king questioned the Commons’ claim to pass judgment set upon the Catholic barrister Edward Floyd for slandering Princess Elizabeth, Musician observed that execution of decree lay with the king, time over the following fortnight loosen up attempted to avert a jurisdictional dispute with the Lords throng this case.

Unlike some Staff, Herbert wished to see spiffy tidy up successful conclusion to the sitting, and therefore his forays be a success the realm of high civics, although rare, were constructive. On the subject of 22 Mar., he was betwixt those who supported the king’s unsuccessful request for an 1 Easter recess, while at honourableness end of May, when Felon caught the Commons unawares conform to his insistence on an anciently adjournment, he was disinclined stop pick a quarrel: ‘let acute leave all with prayer make God for his blessing oversee our next meeting’.20 Somewhat unpredictably, he left no trace natural world the records of the go down sitting of 1621, when alternate counsels were sorely needed.

In prestige 1624 Parliament Herbert followed nobleness semi-official brief of the ‘patriot’ coalition assembled by Buckingham subject Prince Charles to press class king for an end forbear the pro-Spanish policies of significance preceding 20 years.

Among blue blood the gentry patriots, Pembroke was the keenest to use Parliament to rattle a formal breach with Espana, and it is hardly undreamed of that his cousin should scheme played a role in these plans.21 As early as 24 Feb. Herbert was sent understand Pembroke to ensure that able but peers and MPs were excluded from Buckingham’s relation dominate the failure of the Romance Match, scheduled for the people day, and on 3 Spoil.

he attended a further colloquium about the breach with Espana. Yet Herbert was a dear, not a leader of authority war party, remaining silent on the angry debate of 5 Mar. at which the Board rejected an ill-timed motion quandary supply in the event register war which the earls endorsement Southampton and Pembroke had drafted the previous day.22 He figure his voice again on 11 Mar., when Rudyard broached neat as a pin plan for a strictly jealous policy, which sparked a intrusive debate in which the patriots strained to avoid any exact consideration of offensive strategies turf their potential cost, lest authority king object to having climax foreign policy dictated by coronet subjects.

Hence when Sir Parliamentarian Mansell moved to consider goodness cost of this plan, Musician urged the Speaker to induce Members to the question send down hand, which was a popular resolution in support of war.23 Agreement was finally reached influence a declaration which stopped thus of tying James to smart war, and when Sir Parliamentarian Phelips suggested a more hawkish phrasing two days later, Musician intervened to quash the motion.24 James’s acceptance of this deposition allowed the Commons to concern a vote of supply system 19 Mar., a debate which was quickly stalled by Sir John Savile’s motion to deem the cost of the particular policies laid out by Rudyard on 11 March.

No elect was taken, and on character following day Savile further attempted to sidetrack proceedings with expert proposition to abolish pretermitted convention, a motion guaranteed to hound up a vehement debate direct irritate the king. Herbert extremity Sir Thomas Jermyn leapt domestic animals to urge that grievances the makings left to future consideration, obscure the matter was dropped.25

While Musician often spoke to Pembroke’s short in Parliament, he was showing capable of promoting Welsh interests, particularly those relating to justness upland economy of Powis ascendancy.

One of the prime movers of the 1621 bill be against break the Shrewsbury Drapers’ mafia of the Welsh cloth work, he complained vehemently to justness Company’s lobbyist about the Salopians’ boycott of the cloth put up for sale at Oswestry, and rejected offers to come to a compliance. Herbert was not recorded be against have spoken in the put the last touches to debates, but he attended upper hand of the two committee meetings and probably continued to livestock leadership for the Welsh clothiers after the dissolution of loftiness Parliament, as the compromise which finally settled the issue drain liquid from the spring of 1623 was sealed by the admission foothold Herbert and his son chimpanzee freemen of Shrewsbury.26 In Haw 1621 he warmly endorsed four bills to prohibit the commerce of Irish cattle, which operate insisted damaged the Welsh forage trade, while in 1624 subside was one of a very important number of Welsh MPs who signed Sir Eubule Thelwall’s* inquire opposing a grant of leadership Welsh greenwax farm to (Sir) Richard Wynn*.27 As knight look upon the shire, he was compulsory to name any recusant officeholders in his county on 27 Apr.

1624, which obliged him to admit that `his vie wife is an obstinate romish ..., but he will at no time be overruled by her’. Distinction House accepted this explanation lecturer his name was removed get out of the list before it was submitted to the king.28

Herbert’s superlative concern outside Parliament in excellence 1620s was the fate censure the Llwydiarth estate: his son-in-law Sir Robert Vaughan died instantaneously on 2 July 1624, length the latter’s widow, Dame Katherine, gave birth to a odd thing, Herbert Vaughan, three weeks posterior.

However, by then Sir Robert’s brother Edward Vaughan* had busy possession of Llwydiarth under mar entail drafted on 2 Feb. 1622 at his behest, which had ignored the claims remark Sir Robert’s wife or popular future male heir. This give rise to was too obviously convenient transfer Vaughan’s purposes to be potential, as was the additional requisition that Herbert Vaughan was unblended changeling, substituted at birth supporting the girl Dame Katherine esoteric allegedly delivered.

Vaughan made awful attempts to bolster his location through an offer of accessory to the Villiers clan, nevertheless although he elicited a likeable letter from the favourite’s indigenous to lord president Northampton, probity Council in the Marches awarded Dame Katherine an injunction look after put her in possession. Musician was later said to hold mustered the militia to dismiss Vaughan from Llwydiarth, resulting middle a violent affray during which one of his servants was killed.29

At the 1625 general choosing Vaughan almost certainly contested rendering Montgomeryshire seat, prompting Herbert encircling apply to Pembroke for marvellous safe seat at Wilton, which ultimately proved superfluous.

For visit this effort, Herbert played slender part in the proceedings be keen on the session: he was first name to the privileges’ committee (21 June); ordered to attend deuce conferences with the Lords (23 June, 8 July); and numbered on a delegation sent kind Charles with a petition on the side of stricter enforcement of the denial laws (8 July), presumably being of his position in depiction Household.

Parliament quickly adjourned chance on Oxford because of the curse raging in London, but Musician may have stayed away, whereas he left no further write off as on the records of magnanimity session. His diffident performance unquestionably owed much to Pembroke’s dislike to make an open index of his growing antipathy relax Buckingham.30

Herbert was probably returned nem co for Montgomeryshire in 1626, on the contrary Vaughan found a seat divide neighbouring Merioneth, and attempted highlight have Herbert included on nobleness recusant officeholders’ list on 3 May, a motion ignored insensitive to a Commons which needed Pembroke’s support for its impeachment cherished Buckingham.

Herbert’s role in blue blood the gentry impeachment debates was surprisingly unassuming, as Sir James Bagg II* noticed, remarking that ‘the marquis of Pembroke ... doth be apparent publicly rather by strangers facing by Sir Benjamin Rudyard, Sir William Herbert and others swallow his’, a tactic which lawful the earl the option spend a reconciliation with the lord in the event of failure.31 Thus although his papers impede an extensive list of precedents for impeachment (possibly collated be persistent the end of the session), Herbert kept a low outline in the House.

He straightforwardly attended the conference of 7 Mar. at which Pembroke cope with Archbishop Abbot exhorted the Bread to grant supply for nobility war effort against Spain, playing field on 5 Apr. he was one of the courtiers makebelieve in a delegation sent round on the king with a remonstration affirmati justifying the House’s proceedings realize the duke.

Herbert’s only reliable speech, on 9 June, esoteric nothing to do with magnanimity impeachment charges (long since warp to the Lords), but worried a letter written by Sir John Savile, which accused ethics Commons of neglecting the vulgar dislocation caused by the epidemic of war in order commemorative inscription pursue their vendetta against righteousness duke.

Herbert recalled having voiced articulate to Savile, one of loftiness few independent MPs still agreeable to support Buckingham, about that accusation, and was told lose concentration Savile acknowledged authorship of dignity letter as a ruse bring forth encourage his enemies to narrate themselves, an assertion Herbert laid-off as ‘a plot to escape from this business’.32

Immediately after the elimination of June 1626 Pembroke was reconciled to the duke humbling appointed lord steward, although operate lost much of his weight on the Privy Council around the collection of the Minimum Loan.

Herbert also kept straighten up low profile, while his appeal Sir Percy* served as unblended collector for the Loan.33 At one\'s disposal the general election of 1628 Vaughan probably mounted another hopeless challenge to the Herbert sponsorship, as Sir William once carry on secured a seat at Rug as a precautionary measure. Pembroke’s supporters largely held aloof carry too far the controversy surrounding liberties be fitting of the subject which dominated greatness 1628 parliamentary session, which not completed Herbert with relatively little analysis do.

He intervened in these debates only once, on 14 May, as teller for leadership noes in a division conveying a motion to inform character Lords of the Commons’ judgement to decline a conference intend the Petition of Right. That apparently trifling procedural motion was in fact of considerable significance: the Lords (prompted by Corgi and Buckingham) sought to stockbroker a compromise between the king’s refusal to accept the Inquire of Right and the Commons’ determination to see it passed.

The Lords’ overtures had clumsy chance of acceptance in prestige Commons, but a rebuttal would have played into the labourers of Buckingham, who wanted support persuade the Lords to flood pressure on the Commons unwelcoming breaking off all contact intellectual the Petition. Thus Herbert’s disapproval to this motion gave additional moderate counsels the opportunity stick at sway the Upper House.34

Herbert comed only once more in goodness debates on the Petition, revitalize 22 May, as the Parcel threw out the Lords’ proposition to add a clause equal the Petition saving the king’s prerogative.

The debate was taken aloof in closed session, with fa allowed to leave the Line, but at one point last out was noted that Herbert difficult slipped away - doubtless assent to warn Pembroke of the interruption of the Lords’ initiative - and the serjeant-at-arms was change to find him. The Upper class dignity quickly capitulated, and the Application was sent for the Talk Assent unaltered.

To encourage River, the Commons resumed debate complete the long-delayed subsidy bill, however when the king’s expected feedback failed to materialize, the Line held up the bill bone up with an heroic filibuster arraignment 31 May. Towards the induce of this debate Sir Clockmaker Jermyn optimistically suggested completing interpretation first reading of the price, but his motion was discontented aside by Herbert: ‘Wilfulness meticulous perverseness have caused this splurge dispute; when there is very different from a yielding to reason employment goes awry.

I think incredulity may rise, and without prejudgment to the king’s service’.35

Herbert was also involved with a choosing of other business during nobility session, including two committees research the misconduct of Buckingham’s alignment in Cornwall (20 Mar., 16 Apr.) and another to scrutinize the new book of custom rates drafted by Sir Edmund Sawyer* (17 May), one delineate the trustees for Sir Percy’s wife.

On 5 May, Musician claimed that a clergyman who had written a mock analysis lampooning puritans had been inane to keep silent under incredulous, providing some brief amusement rough casting his speech in nobleness same didactic form as ethics minister’s libel. He was formerly again obliged to present being as a recusant officeholder due to of his wife’s Catholicism, on the contrary was excused by the Residence.

Finally, in the closing years of the session, his Deference contacts proved useful in transcription several meetings with the demoralizing to smooth the passage run through business.36

Buckingham’s assassination was followed stop a jockeying for position declare the Privy Council between and opponents of war. Musician sought to bolster the mien of Pembroke, chief among description hawks, by effecting an confederation between his patron and Sir John Savile, whose rival Wentworth had longstanding links with glory key peacemaker, lord treasurer Lensman.

War was not possible needful of parliamentary subsidy, and Pembroke’s glee were thus keen to carry away potential sources of conflict observe the parliamentary session of 1629. Hence when a motion was tabled for an investigation reminiscent of the king’s interference with righteousness printing of the Petition remark Right, Herbert protested that ‘this comes near the Spanish Probing to make particular inquisitors’, comprise inflammatory turn of phrase ferry which he was called run into order by (Sir) John Eliot.37 The dissolution of Parliament break into 10 Mar.

1629 signalled authority end of the war, on the other hand in the following month Musician received the notable consolation disturb a peerage as Baron Powis, a title which effectively inveterate his claim to the Greys’ lordship, while (to his delight) it also gave him prerogative over his relative Sir Prince Herbert, who was created Sovereign Herbert of Chirbury in May.38

Pembroke’s death in April 1630 meager Herbert of his chief protector, and his relationship with representation earl’s brother, lord chamberlain Corgi and Montgomery, while close, was punctuated by a series be more or less quarrels, particularly when Montgomery implied that Sir Percy Herbert’s at one fell swoop should be taken away implant his parents and raised speak a Protestant household.39 Meanwhile, Vocalist tenaciously pursued his claims come close to the Llwydiarth estate in fifty per cent a dozen jurisdictions, and though he was rebuffed at each turn, the Herberts’ reliance hold judgments handed down by privilege courts meant that the Extended Parliament was predisposed to air kindly upon Vaughan’s petitions choose redress.40 Thus although Pembroke ground Montgomery declared for Parliament manner 1642, the Llwydiarth question splendid the Catholicism of the Powis branch of the family suspended them into the royalist campground during the Civil War.

Musician held Montgomeryshire for the eyecatching until his capture by Sir Thomas Myddelton II* at ethics storm of Powis Castle throw in October 1644. He was next kept under house arrest include the Strand, surviving on trig pension of £4 a workweek paid out of the £500 life annuity he reserved divulge himself when he entailed prestige family estates upon his dignitary in 1623; the estates were sold by Act castigate Parliament in 1652.

Herbert was buried on his former area of Hendon, Middlesex on 21 June 1656, at which at a rate of knots he had no legal caption to any lands, hence elegance left no will or government. Sir Percy Herbert recovered top patrimony at the Restoration, nearby his son, while disbarred evade the Commons by his Catholicity, secured a marquessate and (briefly) a dukedom under James II.

The last male member describe the family died in 1748, but the heiress married meet by chance the Montgomery branch of loftiness family, created earls of Powis, who held the estate imminent modern times.41

Ref Volumes: 1604-1629

Author: Psychologist Healy

Notes