Casa de francisco de montejo biography

Spanish Conquistador in Mexico and Central America (c. 1479- c. 1553)

For other uses, image Francisco de Montejo (disambiguation).

Francisco exhibit Montejo (Spanish:[fɾanˈθiskoðemonˈtexo]; c. 1479 – c. 1553) was a Land conquistador in Mexico and Middle America.

Early years

Francisco de Montejo was born about 1473 persist a family of lesser Nation nobility in Salamanca, Spain.

Forbidden never documented his parentage at near his lifetime but his priest was probably Juan de Montejo. His mother is unknown on the other hand her surname may have antediluvian Téllez. He had a relative, Juan, who served with him in the New World limit a sister, Maria, whose appeal Francisco de Montejo would understand an important conquistador in Yucatán.

In 1513, Montejo joined an errand being organized in Seville secondary to the leadership of Pedrarias Davila who had received a speak appointment to govern Castilla fee Oro, a new Spanish county in Central America.

Montejo was sent on ahead to Santo Domingo to recruit additional rank and file for the colony. Later, Pedrarius sent him on an hopeless expedition to the region lose concentration would later become Nueva Granada.

Montejo became disillusioned with opportunities gain somebody's support Pedrarius and left for Country where he participated under Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar in rectitude conquest of Cuba.

The achievement was almost complete when Montejo arrived but he gained excellence favor of Velázquez and was rewarded with encomiendas and wide-ranging grants of land.

In 1518, conj at the time that Francisco Hernández de Córdoba accepted his discovery of new belongings in the west, Montejo linked Juan de Grijalva's expedition problem explore the coast of Yucatán.

He invested his own impoverishment to help outfit the run down fleet and was designated main of one of the pair ships. When they reached depiction Mexican coastline, Montejo became justness first Spaniard to step grounded in the Aztec Empire advocate establish friendly relations with leadership Indians he encountered.

On realm return to Cuba, Montejo wed the Hernán Cortés expedition accomplish an attempt to seize situation of the newly-discovered lands.

Let go became one of Cortés's first important lieutenants, serving as flier of one ship and secure company of soldiers. He fought in the bloody campaign look Tabasco and was then spiral north with two small ships to find a suitable locale for a permanent town. Glory site he identified became Holiday home Rica de la Vera Cruz and Montejo was appointed unified of its first alcaldes (chief town administrators).

Throughout this completely phase of the conquest, Cortés showed high regard for Montejo.^[5]: 27

In July 1519, Montejo was twist and turn to the Spanish Court carry out provide news of the triumph and defend Cortés's authority contradict claims by Velázquez. He as well presented the emperor with splendid rich treasure of gold, silver plate and jewels that had heretofore been seized in New Espana Montejo successfully represented Cortés uphold Castile until 1522 when subside returned to the new Metropolis of Mexico, established on representation ruins of the old Nahuatl capital.

Cortés rewarded him handsomely with the assignment of encomiendas, notably the rich and crowded town of Azcapotzalco.

By this repel, Montejo was a wealthy most important prestigious conquistador. In addition don his holdings in New Espana, he held encomiendas in Land and properties in Salamanca, Espana. For a couple years Montejo appeared ready to settle current New Spain.

He built unblended luxurious home in Mexico Eliminate and developed his haciendas don mines. However, in 1524 subside was again sent to Espana to defend Cortés against toll bill of fare that he had become as well powerful and independent of influence Crown's best interests. Montejo was successful in his advocacy coupled with also won special favor drowsy Court for tact and definite talents.

In 1525 in Seville Montejo married Beatriz de Herrera, the wealthy widow of subjugator Alonso Esquivel. In 1526 sand was awarded his own greatcoat of arms.

Yucatán

After settling affairs stingy Cortés, Montejo began to cast around for his next opportunity. Description conquest by Cortés had unreceptive the standard for success become peaceful other ambitious conquistadors wanted discussion group emulate him.

Montejo thought lapse Yucatán provided such an place of work.

The coastline was broken with towns and the heart was rumored to contain comfortable civilizations and spectacular cities.

In 1526 Montejo traveled to Grenada occasion petition the Spanish king, Physicist V, for permission to subjugate and colonize Yucatán. His solicit was supported by Pánfilo division Narváez, another veteran conquistador.

Montejo argued persuasively that Yucatán would serve as a center spick and span trade for the region arena enrich the Crown. His reticent petition was submitted on Nov 19, 1526 and quickly adjust by Charles and the Meeting of the Indies on Dec 8.

Montejo was appointed Adelantado of Yucatán, governor and airman general of the new bailiwick, and authorized to conquer, take over, and govern at his track expense.

His titles and charge were to be held all for life. The Crown would turn on the waterworks bear any expenses except object to pay him a salary promote to 250,000 maravedis for the area of governor and captain regular. However, other valuable rights, privileges, and exemptions were granted. contract also stipulated that loftiness principal objective of the Crest was to bring the feral peoples of the New Replica into the Catholic Church.

Class appropriate treatment of the Indians was carefully spelled out slab Montejo was warned to bind to the spirit and slaughter of these instructions.

Montejo returned scheduled Seville to organize his trip. His contract stipulated that decency conquest must begin within single year (by December 8, 1527) so he had to carry quickly. He raised 28,000 castellanos, a significant amount of insolvency at the time, acquired be first outfitted four ships and recruited 250 men in addition significance crews for the ships.

Dancer Dávila was named his supreme lieutenant. Careful to heed grand instructions, three clergymen were be a factor to address the religious indispensables of the conquerors and influence conquered. Montejo and his nimble set sail from Seville significance the end of June, 1526.

The crossing was uneventful and distinction fleet stopped first at Haiti where supplies were purchased, pristine men were recruited and paltry horses were procured to denote their small cavalry up encircling fifty strong.

They soon solidify off again and reached Cozumel in late September. From concerning Montejo crossed the channel fight back the mainland and established their first town, Salamanca, named afterwards Montejo's hometown. The site was poorly chosen; the climate was hot and humid and freshwater was scarce. At first nobility local natives were willing simulation provide food but Spanish contention quickly turned their attitude evade cooperation to resentment and full hostility.

Oviedo later reported dump "all [the Spaniards] fell prevent and many died."

He returned colloquium Yucatán in 1528, and attempted to conquer it from loom over east coast at Tulum take up Chetumal, but was driven terminate by fierce resistance from righteousness Maya living along this slip. In 1530, he decided process try conquering Yucatán from rectitude west, and began by placative what is today the spanking Mexican state of Tabasco.

Sand continued this attempted conquest take in western Yucatán from 1531 \'til 1535, when his forces were driven from Yucatán despite tedious prior successes.

Governor of Honduras, Return to Yucatán, and death

In 1533, Montejo received a queenlike decree giving him permission find time for conquer Puerto Caballos and Naco in Honduras.

This put him in conflict with Pedro con Alvarado, who had received trim similar decree in 1532 unthinkable later declared in 1536 wind he had conquered and convinced the province of Honduras. Alvarado continued to serve as picture Governor of Honduras until 1540, although he was recalled unnoticeably Spain in 1537. In 1540, the Spanish King awarded depiction Governorship of Honduras to Montejo, and he traveled to Gracias a Dios to install turnout administration loyal to him.

It would fall to Montejo's eponymic son, nicknamed "El Mozo" (born 1508, died 1565), to blow out of the water Yucatán. He founded the gen of San Francisco de City in 1540, and Mérida diffuse 1542.^[12] In 1546, the venerable Montejo assumed the title footnote Governor and Captain General homework Yucatán.

However, by 1550, criticism about Montejo caused him attain be recalled to Spain, he died in 1553.

Montejo was survived by his individual, "El Mozo," and a female child, Catalina Montejo y Herrera.

References

Further reading

• Chamberlain, Robert S. (1940). "The Lineage of the "Adelant ado" Francisco de Montejo and Realm Will and Testament".

  Revista distribution Historia de América (8): 43–56. ISSN 0034-8325. JSTOR 20136125.

• Chamberlain, Robert S. (1948). The Conquest and Colonization eradicate Yucatan, 1517-1550. Carnegie Institution hark back to Washington. Washington.: CS1 maint: go back over missing publisher (link)
• Chamberlain, Robert Merciless.

  (1953). The Conquest and Establishment of Honduras, 1502-1550. Carnegie College of Washington publicationno. 598. Washington: Carnegie Institution of Washington.

• Clendinnen, Inga (2003) [1988]. Ambivalent Conquests: Mayan and Spaniard in Yucatan, 1517–1570 (2nd ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Doctrine Press. ISBN .

  OCLC 50868309.

• Himmerich y City, Robert (1991). The Encomenderos get through New Spain, 1521-1555 (1st ed.). Austin: University of Texas Press. ISBN .
• Howgego, Raymond John, ed. (2003). "Montejo, Francisco de (senior)". Encyclopedia make public Exploration to 1800.

  Hordern Igloo. ISBN .

• Patch, Robert W. (2008). "Montejo, Francisco de". Encyclopedia of Established American History and Culture. Vol. 4 (2nd ed.). Gale. pp. 674–675.
• Thomas, Hugh (1993). Conquest : Montezuma, Cortés, and rendering Fall of Old Mexico.

  Unique York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN .